The wave of electricity reform swept the wave，2023，is the 8th year of my country's new round of power system reform。
For 8 years，my country's power marketization reform initial results，Multiple competition pattern initially formed，The product attributes of the electricity are further displayed，The role of market optimization of allocation resources is enhanced，Market -based transaction power has increased significantly。In 2023, my country's power reform will accelerate into the deep water area，Focus on the key difficult points of solving the power market，Speed construction of the national unified power market system、Provincial spot market A full coverage、Green Electric Green Certificate Transaction is accelerated in an all -round way ... 2023，A new round of provincial -level power grid transmission and distribution price may be announced，More new energy storage will also become market entities，Differentiated services for electricity sales companies will become the mainstream。
(Source: Arctic Star Sales Grid Author: ROSA)
Speed construction of the national unified power market system
Current，my country is accelerating the construction of a national unified power market system。January 2022，"Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of the National Unified Power Market System" (hereinafter referred to as guidance) officially released，It proposed specific requirements for a sound multi -level unified power market system，Encourage the construction of the power market for regional construction in areas that undertake major strategies of the country and region。Specifications，2025，my country's unified power market will be initially completed，Among them, the country's market and provincial (district、Market)/Regional market collaborative operation，Mid -term and long -term electricity、Spot、Auxiliary service market integrated design。to 2050，Unified power market system is basically completed，Realize the national market and provincial (district、City)/Regional market joint operation，New energy participation in market transactions。
Now the guidance has been released for one year，The pace of building a national unified power market is accelerating。
2023，The provinces of the State Grid area will accelerate the pace in the construction of the unified power market system。It can be seen from the 2023 energy -related plan released from various places，Deepen the reform of the power market、Unified power market system construction，It is included in one of the key tasks of the year。Ru Liaoning plans to build the Northeast China Energy Trading Center，Shanxi will take the initiative to participate in the formulation of national power spot trading rules and regional power market construction ...
2023，The power market in the southern region will enter the pilot stage of power adjustment，Optimized allocation of power resources。The power market in the southern area will form a unified large platform for joint provinces and provinces，Multi -variety、high -frequency cross -zone、Inter -provincial power transactions。
A new round of provincial power grid transmission and distribution price will be announced soon
At present, the pricing price of the third regulatory cycle transmission and distribution price in my country has been fully carried out，will be announced this year。
Reform of the transmission and distribution price is an important part of the new round of electrical reform，is the key measure to "control the middle"，The purpose is to break the monopoly of the grid，Lay the foundation for the marketization of power price。
Since 2015，Decision and deployment according to the Party Central Committee and the State Council，The National Development and Reform Commission has comprehensively promoted the reform of transmission and distribution prices with relevant departments，Carry out the first round of transmission and distribution cost supervision，Get positive results。Pass strict cost supervision and review，Total nuclear reduction should not be incorporated into the unrelated cost of transmission and distribution pricing、Unreasonable cost is about 128.4 billion yuan，Reform dividends are all used to reduce the cost of real economy。By improving the independent transmission and distribution price system，Promoting the marketization of electricity prices significantly increases，my country's power marketization transaction ratio is 14%before the reform，increase to 60.8%in 2022，Effectively promoted the reasonable allocation of power resources。
In 2019，The scope of supervision includes provincial power grids and North China in 30 provinces except Tibet、East China、Where、Northwest、5 regional grids in Central China，During the supervision period, the year after the first supervision period to the year to 2018。Where，Provincial -level price supervision and review commissioned by the provincial power grid company where the power grid company is located is responsible for supervision and review;。
September 2020，The National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Notice on the Approval of the Provincial Power Grid in 2020 to 2022"，Announced 33 provincial power grid transmission and distribution price forms，Performing from January 1, 2021。This is the transmission and distribution price of the second regulatory cycle of the provincial power grid，It marks the basis of my country's transmission and power distribution price supervision system。Compared with the first regulatory cycle，The approval of the transmission and distribution price of the second regulatory cycle has achieved important breakthroughs in many aspects，It is manifested as "a comprehensive、Three firsts "，That is, comprehensive improvement of pricing rules，Standardized pricing procedures，It has been strictly priced in accordance with the mechanism; for the first time, a one -time full coverage of all provincial power grids and regional power grid transmission and distribution prices，For the first time, the theoretical transmission and distribution price of the division level is verified，For the first time, the "network -to -network" outlet transmission price is included in the provincial power grid nuclear price。The second regulatory cycle transmission and distribution price is verified，Actively use price reduction space，Further rationalizing the relationship between transmission and distribution price and directory sales electricity price，Create stake.com casinobetter conditions for expanding the scale of market -oriented transactions; further optimized the transmission and distribution price structure，Reduce cross subsidy，laid the foundation for the improvement of the relevant policies in the next step; further solve the problem left by some historical leaves，Driven the contradiction between the electricity prices existing in multiple provinces; further realizing the steady and downwardness of the level of transmission and distribution price，Most provinces focus on reducing large industrial transmission and distribution price。At the same time，Fully consider the actual situation of the provinces of electricity delivery，Formulated a reasonable delivery electricity transmission price，It will effectively promote power resources to optimize configuration in a larger scale。
May 2022，The National Development and Reform Commission is deployed to carry out the third regulatory cycle transmission and distribution price pricing cost supervision and review work on the review work，The scope of cost supervision on the third regulatory cycle includes 33 provincial power grids and 6 regional grids，The period of supervision is from 2019 to 2021。
Although the latest round of national provincial transmission and distribution prices is yet to be released，But the local area has already introduced a trial transmission and distribution price。The Development and Reform Commission of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps has taken the Eighth Division Corps as a pilot，Released the "Notice of the Development and Reform Commission of the Corps on the Approval of the Eighth Division Power Grid transmission and distribution price (trial) of the Eighth Division of the Eighth Division (Trial)" (Bingfa Reform Price Regulations [2022] No. 174)。
How to supervise the transmission and distribution price of the third regulatory period that is more concerned about in the industry? The National Development and Reform Commission was displayed in the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of the National Unified Electric Power Market System" in 2022，"Reinforcement grid transmission and distribution standards for income supervision，Promote the separation of power grid enterprises transmission and distribution business and the separation of electricity purchase and sales.，Properly handle policy cross -subsidy。Improve the flexibility of cross -provincial cross -regional transmission price mechanism，Explore cross -provincial cross -district transactions to charge transmission fees in accordance with the optimal path combination。""，Power grid enterprise transmission and distribution business and the separation of electricity purchase and sales business will become the general trend，Further stripping the competitive business and non -competitive business of power grid companies。
Provincial spot market full coverage
2023，my country's provincial spot market is expected to achieve full coverage。Mainly manifested in the first batch of pilots to enter long -term settlement trial operation，The second batch of pilots successively carried out simulation trial operation，Non -pilot areas have also introduced spot plans。
As one of the important layouts of building a national unified power market system，The pilot of the electric spot market is accelerating the spread。The first batch of electric spot pilot pilot southern (starting with Guangdong)、Mengxi、Zhejiang、Shanxi、Shandong、Fujian、Sichuan、8 regions in Gansu finalized in 2017、Fully launched simulation trial operation at the end of June 2019，Since then, it has been promoted to weekly、monthly、quarterly、Set up continuously on a year -on -year。
April 2021 The second batch of spot markets was announced in the public，Shanghai、Jiangsu、Anhui、Liaoning、Henan、6 provinces and cities in Hubei were included。Currently in the first batch、The second batch of spot pilot provinces represented by the provinces successfully completed from Japan、Through the settlement trial operation of different time and multiple complex scenes，The longest continuous running time has exceeded 500 days。
Current，The State Grid Business Area has 20 provincial power grids to carry out trial operation of the spot market。The power spot market in the southern region has successfully carried out power adjustment trial operation。Looking at it overall，In the provincial spot market，Guangdong、Fujian、Shanxi、Gansu's continuous trial operation time has been more than one year; the second batch of spot pilots have completed the electric spot market simulation trial operation，Among them, Jiangsu completes settlement trial operation，Anhui completes the power adjustment trial operation; the construction of the power spot market for non -pilot areas，It is researching and improving operating rules and preparation technical support systems。
Enter 2023，Guangdong、Shanxi and other places continuously settle the trial operation.，More provincial spot pilots will also enter long -term settlement trial operation。As more and more provinces enter long -term settlement trial operation，It can foresee，Domestic trading varieties are becoming increasingly abundant、Trading frequency is increasing，rmal Power/New Energy Enterprise、The transaction challenge faced by the electricity sales company and the big users is getting bigger and bigger。
At the same time，Continuous settlement of the spot transaction of the provincial power will continue to be carried out in 2023，According to the "Notice on Continue to Continue to Continue to Carry out Provincial Power Spot Transactions Continuous Settlement Trial" display，Planning to continue continuous settlement trial operation from January 1, 2023，Continuous settlement and trial operation of the provincial spocket market will continue to implement the "Provincial Power Spot Trading Rules (Trial)"。Market subjects declare spot trading a few days ago every day.，Three days after reporting every Friday, the provincial spot trading a few days ago，Holidays are carried out on the actual situation。Market subjects apply for daily discriminatory spot transactions on the day of the day。
Green Electric Green Certificate Transaction Full speed up
In the past two years，New energy entering transactions usher in more good benefits，Mention in the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of the National Unified Power Market System"，By 2030，New Energy will fully participate in market transactions。You can see，New energy has entered the power market and has entered the speed -up stage。
According to the data released by the National Energy Administration，my country's renewable energy shows fast development speed、Good operation quality、High use level、A good situation with strong industrial competitiveness。National Wind Power in 2022、New installed installation of photovoltaic power generation exceeds 120 million kilowatts，Creating stake online casinoa new high，Drive the renewable energy installation exceeds 1.2 billion kilowatts。152 million kilowatts of new installation machines for renewable energy for the whole year，76.2%of the new power generation installed capacity in the country，It has become the main body of the new power installed power in my country。
my country Wind Power in 2022、Photovoltaic power generation exceeds 1 trillion kilowatt -hour for the first time，reached 1.19 trillion kWh time，With the proportion of new energy power generation, it continues to increase，High -quality development needs to pay more attention to the elimination work。Under the strategic goal of "double carbon" in our country，Energy structure transformation and upgrading has become the general trend。Coupled with green energy -related policies and regulations, one after another，Green Power Development has been fully accelerated。Beijing Electric Power Trading Center forecast，2023 Green Electric Green Certificate Trading Mechanism has been further improved，The scale of transaction will get a new breakthrough。It is estimated that the state will complete the green power transaction over 50 billion kilowatt -hours in 2023，Complete the green certificate transaction over 5 million pieces。
Data display of the National Energy Administration，2022，The nationwide renewable energy assembly machine exceeds 1.2 billion kilowatts，Hydropower、Wind power、Solar power generation、Biomass power generation installed capacity ranks first in the world。Where，Wind power installed capacity is about 370 million kilowatts，increased by 11.2%year -on -year; solar power generation installed capacity is about 390 million kilowatts，increased by 28.1%year -on -year。
The proportion of new energy marketization has steadily increased。2020 to 2022，New energy market -oriented transactions are 131.780 billion kWh, respectively、213.657 billion kilowatt hours、346.494 billion kWh，24.13%of the electricity of new energy transactions, respectively、28.28%、38.42%。At the same time，New energy market -oriented transaction price has also increased year by year。The photovoltaic marketization transaction price of the State Grid operating area in the past three years is 0.141 yuan/kWh、0.221 yuan/kWh，0.235 yuan/kWh。
Entering 2023，Documents released by my country and related meetings，Both of the green electricity、Green Certificate Trading makes arrangements:
February 15, 2023，National Development and Reform Commission、Ministry of Finance、The National Energy Administration jointly issued the "Notice on Enjoying the Green Electric Project Subsidy to the Central Government to Participate in Green Electric Transaction Related Matters"，Green Electric Project, which enjoys renewable energy subsidies to enjoy the national renewable energy subsidy, participates in green power transactions，To better realize green power environment value。
File regulations，Green electricity that enjoys national renewable energy subsidies，When participating in green power transactions, the premium income of the benchmark electricity price of the coal -electricity and electricity price of the project is offset to the state's renewable energy subsidy or belong to the country;，All returns participating in the green power transaction belong to the power generation enterprise。Green power acquired by the national affordable can participate in green electricity transactions or green certificates transactions。The premium income generated by the green electricity transaction and the corresponding green certificate transaction income equivalent to the country's renewable energy subsidies or belong to the country all。Green Power Priority Redemption Subsidies to enjoy the national renewable energy subsidy and participate in green power transactions。This means that more green power will be involved in market -oriented transactions since then，The scale of green power transactions will present geometric growth。
New energy storage becomes market subject
In the "double carbon" background，With the large -scale access to the grid with the new energy sources，The power system also faces the balance of power and electricity、System security and stability、Multiple challenges such as high efficiency of new energy。Energy storage with its flexible adjustment ability，Supporting large -scale grid grid in light and electricity，It is considered a necessary link to be regarded as a new type of power system。
Continuously introduced with the encouragement policy of energy storage，New energy storage independent market subject status gradually clarified。The so -called new energy storage，refers to the use of physical energy storage except water storage、Electrochemical Energy、Electromagnetic energy storage、phase transformation energy storage and other emerging energy storage technology，With independent measurement、Control and other technical conditions，access scheduling automation system can be monitored and scheduled by the power grid，Comply with relevant standard specifications and requirements for the guidelines of this specification，Independent energy storage subject with legal person qualifications。Power Generation、User side、Power grid -side new energy storage can participate in market transactions。New energy storage has a response fast、Flexible configuration、Short construction cycle and other advantages，You can play the peak in the operation of electricity、Peak adjustment、FM、Climbing、Black Starting and other effects，is an important part of building a new power system。For this，The two departments are required in the "Notice on Further Promoting the Application of New Energy Storage Participating in the Power Market and Dispatch"，New energy storage can be used as independent energy storage to participate in the power market、Encourage the construction of new energy storage and the power supply to participate in the power market、Accelerate the promotion of independent energy storage participation in the power market to cooperate with the power grid to adjust the peak ...，Provides a variety of possibilities for energy storage participation in the power market。
June 2022，Nine departments such as the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Notice on Printing and Distributing the" Fourteenth Five -Year Plan "for renewable energy stake.com casinodevelopment plan。Clarified the status of the new type of energy storage independent market，Perfect the transaction mechanism and technical standards of energy storage participating in various power markets。
December 2022，State Grid operating area "Guidelines for Registration of New Energy Storage Main Registration" release，Specification Guidelines for market registration for new energy storage entities in the operating area of State Grid Co., Ltd.、Information change、Logistics and other business management work。This is the first time that the power trading agency is unified from the implementation level，Determine the new type of energy storage as an independent of power generation companies、Registration types of electricity sales companies and users。This means that the new type of energy storage participation in the power market becomes the normal。
With the policy level, the energy storage business model is opened，Energy storage operators can participate in the power spot market transaction，Expansion of profit space through the method of peak and valley price difference。
The current revenue of independent energy storage power stations mainly comes from three aspects: the electric energy transaction income of the spot market、Corporate market compensation income、Capacity rental market rental income。National Development and Reform Commission、The National Energy Administration's "Notice on Further Promoting the Power Market and Schedule of New Energy Storage"，Independent Energy Storage Power Station to send power to the grid，The corresponding charging volume does not bear the transmission and distribution price, government fund and additional。Take Shandong Province as an example，Shandong New Energy Storage participation in the market，Participate in spot transactions as an independent subject，Play through charge，Obtaining electricity price difference; on the other hand, from capacity and electricity bills: in the spot market，Use power generation to provide the system with a capacity，Collection of capacity or compensation。
Future，There will be more provinces' clear market position and policy blessing of energy storage，Promote the fairness of new energy storage to participate in the power market，Energy storage participation in the power market will become the norm。
Opportunities and challenges in the market for electricity sales
The electricity market for sale in 2023, opportunities and challenges coexist.
On December 23, 2022, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Notice on Further Doing a Better Power Grid Enterprise Purchase Work"，Notice mentioned in the notice，Gradually optimize the agency power purchase system。All places must adapt to the development process of the local power market，Encourage and support industrial and commercial users who are 10 kV and above to participate in the power market directly，Gradually narrow the scope of the user -purchased user。With the improvement of the system，All users will promote all the number of industrial and commercial electricity users to enter the market。
At present，The types of customer -selling enterprises are mainly two types: one is large industrial users，This type of user has a large electricity consumption，Help the control deviation of the power sales enterprise。Another category is small and medium users，Small user volume，But Gathering less，It can help electricity sales companies realize the load side aggregation。
According to the relevant information，There are still about 60%of small and medium -sized power users who have not fully entered the market，Electricity is used by purchasing electricity to purchase electricity by the power grid;。For the electricity sales company，Is a huge market opportunity，Small and medium -sized power users may become the main customer group of the future of electricity sales。Small and medium -sized power users participating in the market have the following pain points: a pair of power market policies do not understand，Can't complete the transaction independently。Second, the amount of electricity consumption is smaller，Low market bargaining ability。
Deepen with the reform of the electricity side，In the future expense mode，Electric -selling enterprises are no longer a "intermediary" character that only earns the price difference，Differentiated services for electricity sales companies will become the mainstream。With the continuous advancement of market -oriented reform，The cost pressure on the supply side will inevitably be transmitted to the user side。The electricity sales market is becoming more intense、The current price of spread space，Homotropic profit model will be difficult to maintain。other，The diversified demand of electricity users is growing，It is also forced to open up new businesses as soon as possible，Provide customers with precise services。If you develop load aggregation、Construction of virtual power plants、Green Electric Transaction、Comprehensive energy services, etc.，All will become a new benefit growth point。
Prediction of power supply and demand: Generally presenting a tight balance
2023，my country's power supply and demand generally show a tight balance，Power supply and demand is tight during the peak period of electricity consumption in some areas。It is expected that the growth rate of electricity consumption in the whole society will be around 6%。
【In the next three years，More than 70%of global power demand will increase from China、India and Southeast Asian countries。China is the world's largest power consumption country，2022 accounting for 31%of global power demand。International Energy Agency expects，2023-2025，The average annual increase in power demand in China is 5.2%。]
—— "2023 Electricity Market Report"
【2023 expected that my country's economic operation is expected to rise overall，Pulling power consumption demand growth has increased compared to 2022。Under normal climate，It is estimated that the total power consumption of the whole society in 2023 is 9.15 trillion kWhM，increased by about 6%over 2022。]
—— China Electric Union's "Analysis Report of the National Power Supply and Dust situation in 2023"
In recent years，my country's electricity consumption is increasing year by year。2022，my country ’s electricity consumption is 8.64 trillion kWhM，increased by 3.6%year -on -year。2015-2022 for nearly 8 years，my country's electricity consumption stake online casinohas increased by 3087.2 billion kWh，Near 2007 nationwide social power consumption (in 2007, the power consumption of the whole society was 3245.8 billion kWh)。
Forecast according to the China Electric Federation，It is estimated that the overall balance of power supply and demand in 2023，Power supply and demand is tight during the peak period of electricity consumption in some areas。During the peak summer，East China、Huazhong、Power supply and demand situation in the southern area is tight; North China、Where、Basic balance of power supply and demand in Northwest China。During the peak winter，East China、Huazhong、South、Power supply and demand in the Northwest region is tight; power supply and demand in North China is tightly balanced; the power supply and demand in the northeast region is basically balanced。
The era of "Purchase of Fingertips" is coming
my country's power market is divided into power wholesale markets and power retail markets，In the power wholesale market，Generally, bilateral negotiation transactions，The seller is a power generation enterprise，The buyer is a electricity sales company、Big User User。In the power retail market，The seller is an e -commerce company，The buyer is a small and medium -sized power user。
The power retail market is an important part of the power market，Bridge connecting electricity sales companies and retail users。Since the reform of the new round of electricity prices，Development of the power market Press the acceleration key。Before the reform of the marketization of electricity prices，Only 40%of industrial and commercial users in my country enter the power market transaction，After the reform of the marketization of electricity prices，All industrial and commercial users enter the market。The pressure on the standard operation of the power retail market is also increasing，Online transactions as convenient transactions，Launching is imminent。
and the online retail market is the "last mile" of power marketization reform，User、Electric -selling companies buy electricity on e -commerce platforms like daily online shopping、Selling electricity，It can greatly reduce the cost of acquiring customers for electricity sales，Effectively cracks the "hard threshold" of small, medium and micro enterprises to enter the market.。
Current，Many places have already opened the power retail market，The era of "Fingertips" has come all over。
Yunnan Province is the earliest province to implement the power retail market，In December 2020, Yunnan created the nation's first one -stop power retail transaction "Lai Tao Electric" platform，Under the promotion of "Lai Tao Electric" mode，In 2021, the main body of the market -oriented purchase and sale of Yunnan Province exceeded 170,000 households。Current，Small and medium and micro enterprises in Yunnan can complete the power retail transaction only in three steps: First, complete marketization registration through the PC or mobile terminal through the "Laitian Electricity" PC; Provided standard package、Customized package Select the right package; the third is to confirm the power、After the price and agreement content, you can place an order to complete the power purchase。
In December 2022, Shanxi launched the power online retail market for trial operation。Online retail platforms are like online malls，Electricity users can buy a package that suits them on the platform，Realize the efficient docking of both parties to buy and sell。Shanxi Electric Power Online Retail Transaction Process is: Virtual Store Management of Electric Sales Company、Retail package preparation、Retail package to get off the shelves、Retail users place an order to confirm。When choosing a retail user package，Low pressure that does not have time -sharing measurement conditions、5G users cannot choose a retail package with partial time attributes; except for users stipulated by the state,，35 kV and above voltage levels participating in the spot market, non -war new transaction retail users need to choose retail packages with session attributes。
Guangdong launched the electric market retail platform in September 2022，September 19th to 30th Organize the public beta of the Guangdong Power Market retail platform。Applicable users of Guangdong Electric Power Retail Platform are industrial and commercial electricity users in the province (currently liberalized for industrial and commercial users above 10 kV)。Guangdong Electric Power Retail Platform will purchase an electrical terminal、Before the sales end and platform end、Middle、Backstage separation，Can provide users with online one -stop service，Breaking the traditional power transaction mode，Cracking the retail market transaction、Price、Hot and difficult problems in risk management，Leading millions of market entities into the era of intelligent digitalization of electricity and sale。
Zhejiang, September 2, 2022, launched a unified digital electricity sales platform in the province -Zhejiang Power Retail Trading Platform，This platform can obtain market information in one click，One -click screening company，One -click price purchase package，One -click customized personality requirements，One -click signing of retail users。In the future, the main body of market -oriented electricity purchases in Zhejiang Province is expected to exceed 300,000 households。
February 27, 2023，Shandong Electric Power Trading Center issued the "Notice on Carrying out the E-trading app retail transaction trial operation"，will be launched on March 6, 2023 to conduct trial operation of the E-trading app retail transaction。Electricity users participating in the retail market in Shandong Province can participate in the trial operation of the e-trading app retail。The signing method has an interior meal、Bilateral two sides outside the field。
The online power retail market is convenient for its convenience、Transparent trading method，helps to promote all industrial and commercial users to enter the market，will become a new model of the electric retail market，Large -scale will be launched in many places across the country in the future。